Alternative Bait Marker Systems for White-tailed Deer Abbey
نویسندگان
چکیده
We compared alternative bait markers for a Shldy of free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) based on the following criteria: 1) detectability in fecal matter; 2) incorporation into com bait; 3) palatability; and 4) cost. We used penned sheep (Ovis aries) as an experimental model to evaluate Microtaggants, metallic t1akes, plastic chips, and rare earth elements as bait markers, and molasses and soy lecithin as marker adhesives. The metallic flake soy lecithin combination best met our criteria. It was also successful in a field study evaluating supplemental feeding on deer behavior and activity in central Wisconsin. Metallic flakes were easily detected under field conditions, readily adhered to shelled com bait, enabled assessment of deer activity at distinct feeding sites and could be used in studies of feeding behavior and movements of other free-ranging herbivores.
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